See styng on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sting"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"3": "sting"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sting"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sting",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "stynġ"
},
"expansion": "Old English stynġ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stungiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stungiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally two distinct nouns, though no clear semantic separation can be established:\n* Old English sting, from Proto-West Germanic *sting, from Proto-Germanic *stingaz.\n* Old English stynġ, from Proto-West Germanic *stungi, from Proto-Germanic *stungiz, both nouns ultimately related to *stinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stynges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stenge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sting",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "steng",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "stunchg",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "styng",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stynges"
},
"expansion": "styng (plural stynges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 8 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 9 15",
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},
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "67 22 11",
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"orig": "enm:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Anatomy"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "99 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
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"orig": "enm:Pain",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
41
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"english": "You who overcame the bitter sting of death, / You opened the Kingdom of Heaven to true belief's throng.",
"ref": "a. 1333, “Poem 12: Tu rex glorie Christe; Fol. 208v”, in William Herebert, transl., Opera (British Library MS. Add. 46919), Hereford; republished as The Works of William Herebert, OFM (Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse), [Ann Arbor]: University of Michigan, a. 2018:",
"text": "Þou þat ouercóme þe bitter déthes stunchg, / Þou openedest hœuene ryche to ryth byleues þrunchg.",
"translation": "You who overcame the bitter sting of death, / You opened the Kingdom of Heaven to true belief's throng.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"A sting; a sharp pain, especially that caused by a stinger."
],
"id": "en-styng-enm-noun-HVR26Q0m",
"links": [
[
"sting",
"sting"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A stinger; the point used by an insect to sting."
],
"id": "en-styng-enm-noun-~mcQU9jd",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
],
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"(rare) A stinger; the point used by an insect to sting."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/stinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/stind͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/steːnd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stynt͡ʃ/",
"note": "West Midland"
}
],
"word": "styng"
}
{
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{
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{
"word": "styngen"
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],
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"links": [
[
"styngen",
"styngen#Middle_English"
]
],
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"(Late Middle English or Northern) alternative form of styngen"
],
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"Northern",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "styng"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "styngen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynger",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "styngene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "styngen",
"3": "stynger",
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],
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{
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{
"word": "sting"
}
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"alternative form of sting"
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[
"sting",
"sting#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
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"(pre-1938) alternative form of sting"
],
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]
}
],
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}
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{
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},
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sting",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stingaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stingaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-West Germanic *stungi, from Proto-Germanic *stungiz.\nLess likely, a spelling variant of sting, from Proto-West Germanic *sting, from Proto-Germanic *stingaz. Either way, from the root of stingan.",
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"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
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"table-tags"
]
},
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"source": "declension",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
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"form": "stynġ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "stynġum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
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"table-tags"
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},
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},
{
"form": "styng",
"source": "declension",
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
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"form": "styngas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "styng",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "styngas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "styngum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "stynġ, styng"
},
"expansion": "stynġ, styng m",
"name": "ang-noun"
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "stynġ"
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"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
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"7": "stynġe",
"8": "stynġum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "styng"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "styng",
"2": "styngas",
"3": "styng",
"4": "styngas",
"5": "stynges",
"6": "stynga",
"7": "stynge",
"8": "styngum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sting"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w"
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42,
48
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],
"ref": "1890 [c. 731], Saint Bede (the Venerable), The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, page 122:",
"text": "sette þa his lichoman betweoh beforan þam stynge",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sting"
],
"id": "en-styng-ang-noun-abjU0xzp",
"links": [
[
"sting",
"sting#Old_English"
]
],
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "styng"
}
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"Middle English nouns",
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"Pages with entries",
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"enm:Pain"
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sting"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sting"
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],
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"3": "sting"
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"name": "inh"
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"1": "enm",
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"name": "inh"
},
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"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stungiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stungiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably originally two distinct nouns, though no clear semantic separation can be established:\n* Old English sting, from Proto-West Germanic *sting, from Proto-Germanic *stingaz.\n* Old English stynġ, from Proto-West Germanic *stungi, from Proto-Germanic *stungiz, both nouns ultimately related to *stinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stynges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stenge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sting",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "steng",
"tags": [
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"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "stunchg",
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}
],
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"g": "",
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"name": "head"
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "styng (plural stynges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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{
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33
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"english": "You who overcame the bitter sting of death, / You opened the Kingdom of Heaven to true belief's throng.",
"ref": "a. 1333, “Poem 12: Tu rex glorie Christe; Fol. 208v”, in William Herebert, transl., Opera (British Library MS. Add. 46919), Hereford; republished as The Works of William Herebert, OFM (Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse), [Ann Arbor]: University of Michigan, a. 2018:",
"text": "Þou þat ouercóme þe bitter déthes stunchg, / Þou openedest hœuene ryche to ryth byleues þrunchg.",
"translation": "You who overcame the bitter sting of death, / You opened the Kingdom of Heaven to true belief's throng.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sting; a sharp pain, especially that caused by a stinger."
],
"links": [
[
"sting",
"sting"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A stinger; the point used by an insect to sting."
],
"links": [
[
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"point"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A stinger; the point used by an insect to sting."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/stinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/stind͡ʒ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/steːnd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
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{
"ipa": "/stynt͡ʃ/",
"note": "West Midland"
}
],
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}
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"Middle English lemmas",
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"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"etymology_number": 2,
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{
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],
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"links": [
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"styngen#Middle_English"
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],
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"Northern",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
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}
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"tags": [
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"form": "stynger",
"tags": [
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},
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"tags": [
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}
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"name": "nn-noun-irreg"
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],
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"categories": [
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"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk pre-1938 forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"sting#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-1938) alternative form of sting"
],
"tags": [
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"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "styng"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stungi"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"name": "inh"
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stingaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-West Germanic *stungi, from Proto-Germanic *stungiz.\nLess likely, a spelling variant of sting, from Proto-West Germanic *sting, from Proto-Germanic *stingaz. Either way, from the root of stingan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stynġ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "styng",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynġum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "styng",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "styngas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "styng",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "styngas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stynga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stynge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "styngum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "stynġ, styng"
},
"expansion": "stynġ, styng m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stynġ"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stynġ",
"2": "stynġas",
"3": "stynġ",
"4": "stynġas",
"5": "stynġes",
"6": "stynġa",
"7": "stynġe",
"8": "stynġum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "styng"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "styng",
"2": "styngas",
"3": "styng",
"4": "styngas",
"5": "stynges",
"6": "stynga",
"7": "stynge",
"8": "styngum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sting"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English i-stem nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Old English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
48
]
],
"ref": "1890 [c. 731], Saint Bede (the Venerable), The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, page 122:",
"text": "sette þa his lichoman betweoh beforan þam stynge",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sting"
],
"links": [
[
"sting",
"sting#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "styng"
}
Download raw JSONL data for styng meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-1938",
"path": [
"styng"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "styng",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-1938",
"path": [
"styng"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "styng",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.